Individual Sports

Archery is one of the oldest competitive disciplines in human history, evolving from a survival skill into a precision sport governed by exacting technical standards. Target archery first appeared at the Olympic Games in Paris in 1900, was contested intermittently through the 1920 Antwerp Games, ...

NCAA Women's Bowling is a championship-only NCAA sport contested by NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions in the winter semester. Unlike most NCAA sports, NCAA Women's Bowling is a single national championship covering all three divisions (no separate D1/D2/D3 brackets). The NCAA Women's Bowl...

Breaking is a dynamic dance form rooted in hip-hop culture, characterized by athletic movement, rhythmic interpretation, and individual expression. The sport is governed internationally by the World DanceSport Federation (WDSF), which administers competition rules, judging standards, and athlete ...

NCAA Cross Country is the collegiate variant of long-distance running over outdoor terrain (grass, dirt, gravel, hills, woodlands), contested in the fall semester at NCAA Division I, II, and III. Each cross country race is a head-to-head team competition in which individual finish places are summ...

Cycling has been an Olympic sport since the first modern Games in Athens in 1896, making it one of only five sports contested at every Summer Olympics. The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), founded in Paris on April 14, 1900, is the world governing body for all competitive cycling disciplines....

Disc golf is an individual flying-disc target sport in which players throw discs from a designated tee toward a target — most commonly a chain-and-basket assembly known as a "Pole Hole" — attempting to complete each hole in the fewest throws. The sport's organizing principle mirrors traditional b...

The PGA TOUR is the organizer of the principal professional golf tour in North America. While the playing of the game itself is governed by the Rules of Golf jointly issued by The R&A and the USGA, the conduct of a PGA TOUR tournament — who may enter, how the field is set, how the event is run, a...

NCAA Golf is the collegiate variant of golf contested by NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions across both men's and women's brackets, with regular-season tournaments and conference championships culminating in the NCAA Golf Championship in late May. NCAA Golf uses the Rules of Golf (jointly ...

This rulebook is sourced from the Rules of Golf 2023–2026, jointly published by The R&A and the United States Golf Association (USGA), effective January 1, 2023. The Rules of Golf are revised on a four-year cycle; the current edition took effect on 1 January 2023 and remains authoritative through...

NCAA Gymnastics is the collegiate variant of artistic gymnastics contested by NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions in the winter semester. NCAA Women's Gymnastics is the larger competition and culminates in the NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championship in mid-April; NCAA Men's Gymnastics is conte...

The Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG) is the world governing body for gymnastics, founded on July 23, 1881 in Liège, Belgium, making it the oldest international sport federation. The FIG administers competition rules across all gymnastics disciplines for international competition, in...

The KPMG Women's PGA Championship is one of the five major championships in women's professional golf. Conducted by the PGA of America in partnership with the LPGA Tour and presented by title sponsor KPMG, the championship is contested at a different host course each year. The 2026 KPMG Women's P...

Modern pentathlon has been part of the Olympic programme since the 1912 Stockholm Games, making it one of the longest-running Olympic sports. The sport was created by Baron Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympics, to test the skills of a 19th-century military courier who must ride...

Mountain Biking is the off-road cycling discipline governed internationally by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), defined in Part 4 of the UCI Cycling Regulations. UCI sanctions multiple race formats: Cross-Country Olympic (XCO) — the Olympic medal discipline since 1996; Cross-Country Marat...

The UCI Mountain Bike World Series is the integrated premier competition circuit operating under the UCI's overall MTB regulatory framework. Launched in 2023 via a multi-year partnership between the UCI and Warner Bros. Discovery Sports (WBD), the World Series consolidates the previously separate...

NCAA Rifle is one of only two NCAA-sanctioned co-educational team sports (the other is Fencing). Contested in the winter semester at NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions; ~30 NCAA D1 programs as of 2026. NCAA Rifle uses the USA Shooting + ISSF (International Shooting Sport Federation) techni...

Shooting has been part of every modern Olympic Games since 1896 (absent only in 1904 and 1928), making it one of the original Olympic sports. The International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF), founded in 1907 and headquartered in Munich, Germany, governs the sport under the ISSF Official Statute...

Skateboarding made its Olympic debut at the postponed 2020 Tokyo Games in 2021, marking a historic moment for action sports. The sport is governed internationally by World Skate (formerly the International Roller Sports Federation, FIRS), which administers the World Skate Skateboarding Competitio...

Sport climbing made its Olympic debut at the postponed 2020 Tokyo Games in 2021, bringing competitive climbing to the world's biggest stage for the first time. The International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC), founded in 2007 as a spin-off from the UIAA (International Climbing and Mountainee...

NCAA Swimming is the collegiate variant of competitive swimming for NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions across both men's and women's brackets. NCAA Swimming uses the World Aquatics technical baseline with NCAA-specific modifications around event distances (yards-based for U.S. collegiate e...

World Aquatics (formerly known as FINA — Fédération Internationale de Natation) is the international federation recognised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for administering international competitions in aquatic sports, including Swimming, Diving, Water Polo, Artistic Swimming, Open W...

NCAA Tennis is the collegiate variant of tennis played at NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions across both men's and women's brackets, in the spring semester. NCAA Tennis is unique in collegiate sport for its dual-match format combining individual singles + doubles into a team result. NCAA T...

The rules of tennis are governed by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the world governing body of tennis, founded in 1913. The authoritative source for all rules cited in this document is the ITF Rules of Tennis 2026, published by the ITF and effective January 1, 2026. The ITF Rules of T...

Track and Field is governed internationally by World Athletics (formerly the International Association of Athletics Federations, IAAF), headquartered in Monaco. The primary rules document is the World Athletics Technical Rules, published in editions aligned with the two-year competition calendar....

NCAA Indoor Track and Field is the winter-season collegiate variant of track and field, contested December through March on indoor 200-meter banked or flat tracks, culminating in the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championship in early March. NCAA Indoor T&F uses the World Athletics techn...

NCAA Outdoor Track & Field is the collegiate competition pipeline for track and field events in the United States, culminating in the NCAA Division I, II, and III Outdoor Track & Field Championships each June. The 2026 NCAA Division I championship runs the East and West first rounds May 27-30, 20...

Triathlon became an Olympic sport at the 2000 Sydney Games. The sport is governed by World Triathlon (formerly the International Triathlon Union / ITU, rebranded in 2020) under the World Triathlon Competition Rules. Triathlon combines swimming, cycling, and running in continuous sequence, with at...

The USGA Local Rules and Terms of the Competition is the championship-application layer that sits on top of the underlying Rules of Golf jointly maintained by the United States Golf Association (USGA) and The R&A. The Rules of Golf are the universal rulebook for the sport; the USGA Local Rules an...

Olympic weightlifting is governed by the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF), founded in 1905 and headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. The sport operates under the IWF Technical and Competition Rules and Regulations (TCRR), updated before each Olympic cycle. With over 190 member feder...

World Chase Tag (WCT) is a competitive, professional take on the playground game of tag — reimagined as a televised sport with parkour-style athletes navigating a structured obstacle arena. Founded in 2011 by London-based brothers Christian and Damien Devaux, WCT has grown into an international P...