ITF

In tournaments not using ELC Live, electronic review (challenge) systems may be used. Each player receives three incorrect challenges per set (plus one additional incorrect challenge if a set goes to a tiebreak).

In tournaments not using ELC Live, electronic review (challenge) systems may be used. Each player receives three incorrect challenges per set (plus one additional incorrect challenge if a set goes to a tiebreak).

Players change ends at the end of the first, third, and every subsequent odd game of each set. Players also change ends at the end of each set unless the total number of games in that set is even, in which case the change of ends shall take place at the end of the first game of the next set.

The ITF Code of Conduct applies to all ITF-sanctioned events. Violations are handled by the chair umpire using a progressive penalty structure: First offence: Warning (for most categories of offence); Second offence / Point penalty: Loss of a point; Third offence / Game penalty: Loss of a game

Tournament organisers are required by ITF regulations to ensure that: Net posts and surrounding barriers do not pose a collision hazard to players; Ball kids and line umpires are positioned safely and are aware of court procedures; Spectators remain outside designated court areas during play

The court is a rectangle, longer than it is wide. Official dimensions are: Length: 23.77 m (78 feet); Width (singles): 8.23 m (27 feet); Width (doubles): 10.97 m (36 feet)

Lines at the ends of the court are called baselines. Lines at the sides of the court are called sidelines (there are singles sidelines and doubles sidelines).

The ITF Rules do not prescribe a specific surface material, but the ITF publishes a Court Pace Classification (CPC) system. Courts are classified on a scale of 1 (Slow) to 5 (Fast) based on the ITF's laboratory pace rating.