Section 4: Players & Officials
4.1 Team Composition
- On-ice: 6 players per team — 5 skaters (typically 3 forwards + 2 defencemen) and 1 goalkeeper.
- Roster: Maximum 22 skaters (20 skaters + 2 goalkeepers) dressed for a game. A third goalkeeper may be available but not dressed.
- Extra attacker: Teams may pull the goalkeeper for a 6th skater (empty net) at any time, most commonly when trailing late in the game.
- Captain and alternates: One captain (C) and up to two alternate captains (A) designated. Only the captain (or alternates if captain is unavailable) may address officials regarding rule interpretations.
4.2 On-Ice Officials
- 4-official system (major tournaments): 2 referees + 2 linesmen. Both referees can call all penalties. Linesmen handle icing, offside, and face-offs, and may report certain infractions to the referees.
- 3-official system: 1 referee + 2 linesmen. Used at lower-level IIHF events.
- Referee authority: Referees have final authority on all penalty calls and game management decisions on the ice.
4.3 Off-Ice Officials
- Goal judges: Positioned behind each goal to signal when the puck crosses the goal line (advisory; referee makes final determination).
- Timekeeper: Controls the game clock, records penalties, and manages intermission timing.
- Penalty timekeeper: Tracks penalty duration and signals when penalised players may return to the ice.
- Statisticians: Record all game events (goals, assists, shots, penalties, face-off wins).
- Video review supervisor: Located in a video review room with access to all camera angles. May be consulted by referees for goal/no-goal decisions and major penalty reviews.