How does scoring work in Cycling?

Section 6: Scoring

One-day races: First across the finish line wins. Placings determined by order of crossing.
Stage races (GC): Cumulative time across all stages. Time bonuses (10s, 6s, 4s) awarded at stage finishes and at intermediate sprints (3s, 2s, 1s) in some races. Time penalties added for infractions.
Points classification: Points awarded at stage finishes and intermediate sprints. Flat stages award more points than mountain stages to favour sprinters. First place on a flat stage typically earns 50 points; first on a mountain stage earns 20 points.
Mountains classification: Points awarded at the summit of categorised climbs. HC summit: 20+ points, Cat 1: 10 points, Cat 2: 5 points, Cat 3: 2 points, Cat 4: 1 point (exact values vary by race).

UCI ranking points are awarded based on race category and finishing position. WorldTour races award the most points (e.g., Grand Tour GC winner: 1,000 points). Points contribute to individual, team, and national rankings.
Team relegation: At the end of each three-year WorldTour licence period, the bottom 3 WorldTour teams by UCI ranking may be relegated to ProTeam status, replaced by the top-ranked ProTeams.
Olympic qualification: National quotas for the Olympics are determined by UCI nation rankings, calculated from the aggregate points of a country's top-ranked riders.

Sprint/Team Sprint/Keirin: Placement-based. First across the line wins the heat. Repechage (second-chance) rounds are used in sprint and keirin to allow eliminated riders another opportunity to advance.
Team Pursuit: Time-based. The team time is taken on the 3rd rider. A team may also win by catching the opposing team before the distance is completed.
Omnium scoring: Scratch race: 40 points for 1st, decreasing by 2 per position. Tempo race: 1 point for winning each intermediate sprint (every lap), plus 20 points for gaining a lap. Elimination race: 40 points for last rider standing, decreasing. Points race: 5 points per intermediate sprint (every 10 laps), 20 points for lapping the field. Total across all 4 events determines the winner.
Madison scoring: 5 points for 1st, 3 for 2nd, 2 for 3rd, 1 for 4th in intermediate sprints. 20 points for gaining a lap on the field. Minus 20 points for losing a lap. Final sprint awards double points. Highest total wins; ties broken by final sprint placing.

BMX Racing: Placement-based through motos (points system: 1st=1, 2nd=2, etc., lowest total advances). Final is first-across-the-line.
BMX Freestyle: Judges' scores from 0–100. Best single run of 2 attempts counts. Scores are awarded by a panel of 6 judges; the highest and lowest scores are dropped, and the remaining 4 are averaged.
MTB XCO: First across the finish line on the final lap wins. Lapped riders are classified based on the number of completed laps and their finishing order within each lap group.

One-day races: First across the finish line wins. Placings determined by order of crossing.
Stage races (GC): Cumulative time across all stages. Time bonuses (10s, 6s, 4s) awarded at stage finishes and at intermediate sprints (3s, 2s, 1s) in some races. Time penalties added for infractions.
Points classification: Points awarded at stage finishes and intermediate sprints. Flat stages award more points than mountain stages to favour sprinters. First place on a flat stage typically earns 50 points; first on a mountain stage earns 20 points.
Mountains classification: Points awarded at the summit of categorised climbs. HC summit: 20+ points, Cat 1: 10 points, Cat 2: 5 points, Cat 3: 2 points, Cat 4: 1 point (exact values vary by race).

UCI ranking points are awarded based on race category and finishing position. WorldTour races award the most points (e.g., Grand Tour GC winner: 1,000 points). Points contribute to individual, team, and national rankings.
Team relegation: At the end of each three-year WorldTour licence period, the bottom 3 WorldTour teams by UCI ranking may be relegated to ProTeam status, replaced by the top-ranked ProTeams.
Olympic qualification: National quotas for the Olympics are determined by UCI nation rankings, calculated from the aggregate points of a country's top-ranked riders.

Sprint/Team Sprint/Keirin: Placement-based. First across the line wins the heat. Repechage (second-chance) rounds are used in sprint and keirin to allow eliminated riders another opportunity to advance.
Team Pursuit: Time-based. The team time is taken on the 3rd rider. A team may also win by catching the opposing team before the distance is completed.
Omnium scoring: Scratch race: 40 points for 1st, decreasing by 2 per position. Tempo race: 1 point for winning each intermediate sprint (every lap), plus 20 points for gaining a lap. Elimination race: 40 points for last rider standing, decreasing. Points race: 5 points per intermediate sprint (every 10 laps), 20 points for lapping the field. Total across all 4 events determines the winner.
Madison scoring: 5 points for 1st, 3 for 2nd, 2 for 3rd, 1 for 4th in intermediate sprints. 20 points for gaining a lap on the field. Minus 20 points for losing a lap. Final sprint awards double points. Highest total wins; ties broken by final sprint placing.

BMX Racing: Placement-based through motos (points system: 1st=1, 2nd=2, etc., lowest total advances). Final is first-across-the-line.
BMX Freestyle: Judges' scores from 0–100. Best single run of 2 attempts counts. Scores are awarded by a panel of 6 judges; the highest and lowest scores are dropped, and the remaining 4 are averaged.
MTB XCO: First across the finish line on the final lap wins. Lapped riders are classified based on the number of completed laps and their finishing order within each lap group.