What are road course specifications in Cycling?

Section 3: Playing Area

Road Race: Contested on public roads, either point-to-point or circuit-based. Olympic distance: 230–240 km (143–149 mi) for men, 130–140 km (81–87 mi) for women. WorldTour one-day races typically range from 200 to 300 km.
Individual Time Trial: 30–40 km (19–25 mi) for men, 25–35 km (16–22 mi) for women at the Olympics. Grand Tour time trials typically 20–60 km. Riders start at intervals of 90 seconds (minimum 60 seconds).
Team Time Trial: 20–60 km, teams of 6–8 riders. Team time taken on the 4th rider crossing the finish line (for 6-rider teams) or 5th rider (for 8-rider teams).
Stage Races: Grand Tours consist of 21 stages over 23 days (2 rest days). Total distance approximately 3,300–3,500 km. Stages include flat, hilly, mountain, individual time trial, and team time trial formats.
Feed zones: Designated areas where team personnel hand musettes (food bags) to riders. Typically positioned at specific kilometre markers. Feeding is prohibited in the first 30 km and last 20 km of a road race stage.

Olympic standard: 250 m banked oval, the standard for all Olympic and World Championship events. Banking angle typically 42–45 degrees in the turns and 12–14 degrees on the straights.
Surface: Wooden (Siberian pine or African afzelia preferred) or synthetic surface. Wooden tracks are faster and preferred for international competition.
Markings: Black measurement line (datum line) at the inner edge. Red sprinter's line 85 cm from the inner edge. Blue stayer's line approximately 250 cm from the inner edge (used in madison and points race). The pursuit start/finish lines are marked on opposite sides of the track.
Other velodrome sizes: 200 m, 333.33 m, and 400 m tracks exist but are not used for Olympic or World Championship events.

BMX Racing track: 300–400 m (984–1,312 ft) in length. Starting hill height of 8 m (26 ft) with a drop ramp angled at approximately 28–35 degrees. Course features include rollers, tabletops, step-ups, step-downs, doubles, triples, rhythm sections, and banked turns (berms). Width of at least 10 m at the starting gate, narrowing to 5 m minimum on the course.
BMX Freestyle Park: Purpose-built park course featuring bowls, quarter-pipes, half-pipes, spines, hips, walls, and platform features. Minimum riding area of 1,000 m². Design must allow for continuous flow and varied trick opportunities. Surface typically smooth concrete or wooden composite.

XCO (Cross-Country Olympic): Lap circuit of 4–6 km in length. Total race duration targeted at 1 hour 20 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes (men) and 1 hour 10 minutes to 1 hour 20 minutes (women). Number of laps adjusted based on lap time. Elevation gain typically 100–200 m per lap. Mix of singletrack, fire roads, technical rock gardens, root sections, and short climbs.
XCC (Short Track): Circuit of 500–1,000 m. Race duration approximately 20–25 minutes. Spectator-friendly format with tight, fast laps.
Downhill (DHI): Point-to-point course, 1.5–3.5 km in length. Vertical drop of 400–800 m. Individual timed runs; fastest time wins. Course features include rock gardens, drops, jumps, and high-speed sections.

Road Race: Contested on public roads, either point-to-point or circuit-based. Olympic distance: 230–240 km (143–149 mi) for men, 130–140 km (81–87 mi) for women. WorldTour one-day races typically range from 200 to 300 km.
Individual Time Trial: 30–40 km (19–25 mi) for men, 25–35 km (16–22 mi) for women at the Olympics. Grand Tour time trials typically 20–60 km. Riders start at intervals of 90 seconds (minimum 60 seconds).
Team Time Trial: 20–60 km, teams of 6–8 riders. Team time taken on the 4th rider crossing the finish line (for 6-rider teams) or 5th rider (for 8-rider teams).
Stage Races: Grand Tours consist of 21 stages over 23 days (2 rest days). Total distance approximately 3,300–3,500 km. Stages include flat, hilly, mountain, individual time trial, and team time trial formats.
Feed zones: Designated areas where team personnel hand musettes (food bags) to riders. Typically positioned at specific kilometre markers. Feeding is prohibited in the first 30 km and last 20 km of a road race stage.

Olympic standard: 250 m banked oval, the standard for all Olympic and World Championship events. Banking angle typically 42–45 degrees in the turns and 12–14 degrees on the straights.
Surface: Wooden (Siberian pine or African afzelia preferred) or synthetic surface. Wooden tracks are faster and preferred for international competition.
Markings: Black measurement line (datum line) at the inner edge. Red sprinter's line 85 cm from the inner edge. Blue stayer's line approximately 250 cm from the inner edge (used in madison and points race). The pursuit start/finish lines are marked on opposite sides of the track.
Other velodrome sizes: 200 m, 333.33 m, and 400 m tracks exist but are not used for Olympic or World Championship events.

BMX Racing track: 300–400 m (984–1,312 ft) in length. Starting hill height of 8 m (26 ft) with a drop ramp angled at approximately 28–35 degrees. Course features include rollers, tabletops, step-ups, step-downs, doubles, triples, rhythm sections, and banked turns (berms). Width of at least 10 m at the starting gate, narrowing to 5 m minimum on the course.
BMX Freestyle Park: Purpose-built park course featuring bowls, quarter-pipes, half-pipes, spines, hips, walls, and platform features. Minimum riding area of 1,000 m². Design must allow for continuous flow and varied trick opportunities. Surface typically smooth concrete or wooden composite.

XCO (Cross-Country Olympic): Lap circuit of 4–6 km in length. Total race duration targeted at 1 hour 20 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes (men) and 1 hour 10 minutes to 1 hour 20 minutes (women). Number of laps adjusted based on lap time. Elevation gain typically 100–200 m per lap. Mix of singletrack, fire roads, technical rock gardens, root sections, and short climbs.
XCC (Short Track): Circuit of 500–1,000 m. Race duration approximately 20–25 minutes. Spectator-friendly format with tight, fast laps.
Downhill (DHI): Point-to-point course, 1.5–3.5 km in length. Vertical drop of 400–800 m. Individual timed runs; fastest time wins. Course features include rock gardens, drops, jumps, and high-speed sections.