What are the common violations in Dodgeball?

Section 7: Violations & Penalties

Crossing the center line: Stepping onto or beyond the center line during play. The offending player is immediately eliminated
Out of bounds: Stepping outside the court boundaries. The offending player is immediately eliminated
Stalling: Holding a ball for longer than the allowed time (typically 10 seconds). The ball is forfeited to the opposing team
Intentional headshot: Deliberately throwing at an opponent's head or face. The thrower is eliminated
Kicking the ball: Players may not kick balls at opponents. A kicked ball is dead and cannot eliminate anyone
Illegal opening rush: Crossing the end line before the start signal or retrieving a ball from the wrong side. The player must return the ball and retreat to the end line
Hiding the ball: Concealing the ball under clothing or behind the body to deceive opponents. The ball is forfeited

Refusing to call oneself out: Deliberately staying in the game after being clearly hit. Warning on first offense; ejection on repeated offenses
Excessive force: Throwing with intent to injure rather than eliminate. Warning or ejection at the referee's discretion
Verbal abuse: Taunting, threatening, or using offensive language toward opponents, teammates, or officials. Warning, then ejection
Physical contact: Intentionally pushing, tripping, or otherwise making physical contact with another player. Immediate ejection

Warning: Issued for minor or first-time violations. Player remains in the game
Elimination: The standard penalty for most rule violations. Player is removed for the remainder of the round
Ejection: For serious or repeated violations. Player is removed from the match entirely and may not return
Forfeiture: A team that cannot field the minimum number of players (due to ejections or other reasons) forfeits the match

Crossing the center line: Stepping onto or beyond the center line during play. The offending player is immediately eliminated
Out of bounds: Stepping outside the court boundaries. The offending player is immediately eliminated
Stalling: Holding a ball for longer than the allowed time (typically 10 seconds). The ball is forfeited to the opposing team
Intentional headshot: Deliberately throwing at an opponent's head or face. The thrower is eliminated
Kicking the ball: Players may not kick balls at opponents. A kicked ball is dead and cannot eliminate anyone
Illegal opening rush: Crossing the end line before the start signal or retrieving a ball from the wrong side. The player must return the ball and retreat to the end line
Hiding the ball: Concealing the ball under clothing or behind the body to deceive opponents. The ball is forfeited

Refusing to call oneself out: Deliberately staying in the game after being clearly hit. Warning on first offense; ejection on repeated offenses
Excessive force: Throwing with intent to injure rather than eliminate. Warning or ejection at the referee's discretion
Verbal abuse: Taunting, threatening, or using offensive language toward opponents, teammates, or officials. Warning, then ejection
Physical contact: Intentionally pushing, tripping, or otherwise making physical contact with another player. Immediate ejection

Warning: Issued for minor or first-time violations. Player remains in the game
Elimination: The standard penalty for most rule violations. Player is removed for the remainder of the round
Ejection: For serious or repeated violations. Player is removed from the match entirely and may not return
Forfeiture: A team that cannot field the minimum number of players (due to ejections or other reasons) forfeits the match