Section 8: Safety Considerations
8.1 Sand Safety
- Sand must be inspected and raked before each match to remove debris, glass, shells, or sharp objects.
- Sand depth must be maintained at a minimum of 40 cm to provide adequate cushioning for dives and landings.
- No rigid objects (anchors, stakes, pipes) may protrude above the sand surface within the playing area or free zone.
- Boundary lines must be flat and flexible (elastic bands or soft rope), not rigid or raised.
8.2 Heat and Weather Protocols
The FIVB implements specific heat-stress protocols for outdoor beach volleyball:
- WBGT monitoring: Wet Bulb Globe Temperature is measured regularly during competition. If WBGT exceeds 32°C (89.6°F), additional hydration breaks are provided.
- Cooling towels and ice: Teams are provided with cooling towels, ice bags, and cold water at the bench area.
- Schedule adjustments: In extreme heat, the FIVB may delay matches, extend breaks between sets, or reschedule to cooler periods of the day.
- Rain: Play continues during light rain. Heavy rain, lightning, or dangerous wind conditions result in match suspension. Play resumes when conditions are deemed safe.
8.3 UV Protection
Athletes competing in direct sunlight for extended periods face significant UV exposure. The FIVB recommends sunscreen application (SPF 30+), sunglasses with UV protection, and hats or visors when possible. Athletes with a history of sun sensitivity may wear long-sleeved shirts and leggings without penalty.
8.4 Medical Provisions
A qualified medical team must be on-site at all FIVB-sanctioned events. First aid facilities and emergency transport must be available within the venue. Common injuries include ankle sprains (landing in soft sand), shoulder impingement (overhead hitting), and knee injuries. A blood rule applies: any player who is bleeding must leave the court immediately and may return only after the wound is treated and covered.