Section 8: Safety Considerations
Concussion Protocol
The NCAA has some of the strictest concussion protocols in football:
- Mandatory removal: Any player exhibiting signs of a concussion must be immediately removed from the game
- Same-day return prohibited: A player diagnosed with a concussion may not return to play on the same day, even if cleared — this is stricter than the NFL, which allows same-day return after clearance
- Return-to-play protocol: Graduated 5-step protocol: (1) symptom-limited activity, (2) light aerobic exercise, (3) sport-specific exercise, (4) non-contact drills, (5) full-contact practice. Minimum 24 hours between each step.
- Medical clearance: Written clearance from a physician (not a trainer) is required before return
- Independent medical observer: Present at all FBS games to assist with concussion identification
Heat Illness Prevention
- Acclimatization period: Mandatory 5-day acclimatization period at the start of preseason practice. Days 1-2: no pads, limited practice time. Days 3-5: gradual increase in intensity and equipment.
- Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT): Practice modifications required based on WBGT readings — activities may be suspended if WBGT exceeds thresholds
- Hydration: Unlimited water and electrolyte access required at all practices and games
- Cold water immersion: Ice tubs must be available at all practices and games for emergency treatment of exertional heat stroke
Targeting Rule Rationale
The targeting rule was introduced to change the culture of tackling in college football. By imposing automatic ejection — a penalty far more severe than the NFL equivalent — the NCAA aims to discourage helmet-first contact and reduce the incidence of traumatic brain injuries. Studies have shown a reduction in helmet-to-helmet hits since the rule's introduction in 2008 (with the ejection component added in 2013).
Equipment Safety Standards
- Helmet recertification: All helmets must be recertified annually to NOCSAE standards
- Position-specific helmets: Manufacturers now offer helmets designed for specific positions (lineman vs skill positions) based on impact patterns
- Practice contact limits: NCAA limits full-contact practices to 2 per week during the season and caps preseason contact days