NCAA

Individual bout: first to 5 touches (3-minute time limit; if tied, 1-minute sudden-death OT); Team bout (relay format): 9 bouts × 5 touches each, accumulating to 45 (or until time limit)

Target: entire body; No right-of-way — both fencers may score simultaneously (double touch); Touch with point only

Target: torso (front + back); Right-of-way (priority) determines who scores when both touch simultaneously; Touch with point only

Target: entire body above the waist (including arms + head); Right-of-way determines simultaneous touches; Touch with cut OR point

Three weapons: foil (point-only target = torso), épée (point-only target = entire body), sabre (point + cut target = above waist); Each weapon has FIE-approved spec for length (max 110 cm) and weight; Mandatory protective gear: jacket (FIE-approved 350N or 800N), plastron (underarm protector), ma...

Strip (piste): 14 m long × 1.5-2 m wide; Center line + 2-m on-guard lines on each side of center; End lines and warning lines (2 m from each end line)

NCAA team: 9 fencers per gender (3 per weapon × 3 weapons); Dual-meet format: 27 individual bouts per dual (each fencer in each weapon faces each opponent fencer); Officials: director (referee) on each strip, scoring keeper at the box, judges (when manual scoring used)

Target: torso (front + back); Right-of-way (priority) determines who scores when both touch simultaneously; Touch with point only

Bout: first fencer to 5 touches wins (or higher score after time expires); Team dual: most bouts won out of 27 wins the dual (best of 14); NCAA Championship: relay-format team bout (9 × 5-touch bouts, accumulating to 45)

Yellow card: warning (no penalty); 2 yellow = red card; Red card: 1 touch awarded to opponent; subsequent red = black card; Black card: ejection from the competition